This circuit is a Dual Axis solar tracker without Arduino or any other microcontroller, using single IC LM324,
By using Transistors BD139 and BD140 we can drive two motors with max. current 3A (for X-Axis and Y-Axis).
Parts list:
IC1=LM324
LDR (4pcs)
P1 & P3=Potentiometer 20K (2pcs)
P2 & P4=Potentiometer 200K (2pcs)
R1 & R2 & R11 &R12=Resistor 10 ohm (4pcs)
R3 & R5 & R7 & R10=Resistor 20K (4pcs)
R4 & R6 & R8 & R9=Resistor 33K (4pcs)
C1 & C3=Capacitor 220uF (2pcs)
C2=Capacitor 100nF (2pcs)
T1 & T2 & T7 &T8=Transistor BD139(4pcs)
T3 & T4 & T5 & T6=Transistor BD140(4pcs)
D1 to D9=Diode 1N4007(9pcs)
Switch
DC Motor with gearbox (2pcs)
Circuit:
To make dual axis solar tracker we have to make two identical circuit from this diagram:
Since we need two op-amps for each axis, so i used IC LM324 which has 4 op-amps inside (for dual axis).
The diode through positive side of the battery used for reverse battery protection.
Two 20K resistors in series with LDRs used to decreasing LDRs current drawing, because they connected between VCC and GND as light sensor (voltage divider) and when exposed to direct sun the resistance of each LDR become around 300 ohm so the standby current drawing will be 9V/600 which is 15mA for each axis and 30mA for dual axis, but we can simply decreasing this current to only 440uA by using limiting current resistors without affecting the circuit performance.
To order this PCB first go to the website link below, Then click "Add to card" then select the PCB color and quantity then click "Submit" and after few minutes when review completed by the engineers, you can pay for it by clicking on "Proceed to Checkout"
https://www.pcbway.com/project/shareproject/Dual_Axis_solar_tracker_without_microcontroller.html
To order this PCB first go to the website link below, Then click "Add to card" then select the PCB color and quantity then click "Submit" and after few minutes when review completed by the engineers, you can pay for it by clicking on "Proceed to Checkout"
https://www.pcbway.com/project/shareproject/Dual_Axis_solar_tracker_without_microcontroller.html
3D Printed Solar tracker Files:
I used DC motor with gearbox like this https://www.banggood.com/custlink/33D35RebqC for each axis.
For more information please watch this video
Video:
